Idaho voters will decide Proposition 1, a citizen-initiated statute creating a statutory right to reproductive freedom and privacy that would permit abortion before fetal viability and in medical emergencies afterward, while protecting related healthcare decisions such as contraception and fertility treatment. The measure qualified for the November 3, 2026, ballot after organizers collected a record number of signatures and prevailed in Idaho Supreme Court litigation over ballot language in early September. Idaho currently enforces one of the nation’s strictest abortion bans with narrow exceptions. Supporters have raised substantially more campaign funds than opponents, yet the state’s conservative electorate and legislative history of restrictive policy create uncertainty about passage, consistent with the slight trader lean toward rejection.