Diplomatic negotiations between the United States and Iran have accelerated in May 2026 following the February 28 launch of joint U.S.-Israeli military operations and the subsequent April ceasefire. Recent developments include U.S. proposals for sanctions relief and release of frozen assets in exchange for Iranian commitments to limit uranium enrichment and forgo nuclear weapons development, alongside phased easing of restrictions on Strait of Hormuz transit. Vice President JD Vance stated on May 13 that talks show progress toward satisfying core U.S. red lines on nuclear safeguards, while Iran has outlined conditions such as ending regional hostilities and lifting blockades. These efforts, including indirect channels and mediator involvement, reflect trader focus on de-escalation timelines rather than formal congressional war declarations, which historically require explicit authorization amid ongoing military restraint and economic pressure measures.