Recent proposals like the June 2026 Great American AI Act discussion draft and Senator Cantwell’s October framework for frontier AI safety standards, testing, and audits have not advanced beyond introduction amid congressional recess, midterm elections, and partisan disagreements over preemption of state rules and regulatory scope. Multiple narrower bills on transparency, risk evaluation, and agency creation remain stalled in committee with limited bipartisan traction, reflecting the typical multi-year timeline for comprehensive artificial intelligence legislation. Post-election sessions starting mid-November offer short windows before 2027, but historical patterns and current gridlock support traders pricing a 61% chance no binding federal framework passes before 2028.