Ukraine’s constitutional and legal framework under extended martial law continues to block any official scheduling of a national referendum on a peace deal with Russia absent a prior ceasefire and security guarantees. President Zelenskyy has consistently tied such a vote to these preconditions, while U.S. diplomatic pressure for rapid elections and a referendum by mid-May 2026 produced February planning discussions that yielded no formal announcement or framework agreement. Subsequent bilateral talks stalled, a brief U.S.-brokered ceasefire collapsed in early May amid mutual violation claims, and Russia maintains demands for territorial concessions that Ukrainian officials say would require parliamentary or popular approval only after de-escalation. Public polling shows conditional support near 55 percent, yet lawmakers and civil society groups highlight procedural and constitutional hurdles that sustain uncertainty over near-term scheduling.