Recent polls for Israel's October 27 Knesset election show Netanyahu's right-wing and religious bloc (Likud, Shas, United Torah Judaism, Otzma Yehudit, Religious Zionism) and the opposition change bloc (Yashar, B'Yachad, Democrats, Yisrael Beytenu) running neck-and-neck near 50-56 seats each in the 120-seat parliament, well short of the 61-seat majority required for government formation. Neither side projects a clear path without smaller parties or potential crossovers. Opposition leaders recently signed a coordination pact ahead of the vote, while Arab lists (Joint List, Ra'am) remain projected at 12-13 seats but face exclusion from most coalition scenarios. Post-election negotiations, beginning after President Herzog's consultations, will determine inclusion based on surplus agreements, threshold crossings, and bargaining over portfolios and policy red lines.