Ukraine has conducted large-scale long-range strikes on Russian energy infrastructure, including a major September 20, 2026, drone and missile barrage on the Moscow region that damaged the capital’s main oil refinery, killed at least two civilians, and marked the largest reported attack of its kind. Russian authorities reported intercepting over 1,100 drones that night while noting hits on fuel facilities that support military logistics. Both sides have since intensified reciprocal strikes on refineries, power grids, and industrial sites despite intermittent diplomatic signals, with Ukraine emphasizing domestic long-range munitions such as the Pelican and Flamingo systems. Ongoing escalation around energy targets and Russian parliamentary election timing continue to shape assessments of future Ukrainian strike patterns near Moscow.