Iran has conducted multiple drone strikes in recent weeks on camps belonging to Iranian Kurdish opposition groups in northern Iraq’s Kurdistan Region, including attacks on October 12 and 13 targeting PDKI and Komala facilities near Erbil and Koya. These actions continue a pattern of over 1,000 Iranian drone and missile strikes on the area since February, reflecting Tehran’s efforts to neutralize cross-border threats amid broader regional tensions involving the Strait of Hormuz and proxy networks. The September 30 U.S. troop withdrawal from Iraq has altered the security environment, while Iraqi parliamentary elections scheduled for November 11 add pressure on Baghdad to manage sovereignty concerns and militia activities. Upcoming diplomatic or military signals from Tehran or Washington could influence escalation risks in this theater.