Russian forces have made limited gains around Kupiansk in Kharkiv Oblast since late 2025 but failed to secure the city despite repeated claims by senior commanders, including announcements of full capture in November 2025. Ukrainian counterattacks and clearing operations have largely restored control, reducing Russian presence to small infiltration groups operating via pipelines or from the east bank of the Oskil River, which Ukrainian units continue to target. In 2026, Ukrainian forces reported net territorial gains exceeding 600 square kilometers, including localized advances near Kupiansk and Borova, while halting much of the Russian spring-summer offensive through interdiction of supply lines and attrition. Russian Western Grouping elements face reported redeployments and logistical strain, with no confirmed major advances into the city as of early June. Ongoing infiltration attempts and Ukrainian responses remain the primary near-term dynamics.