Israeli forces have conducted ground operations and airstrikes in southern Lebanon since the 2026 war with Hezbollah began in March, advancing south of the Litani River and reaching the outskirts of Nabatieh by late May. IDF units positioned armor near Arnoun and targeted Hezbollah strongholds amid evacuation orders and strikes on the city through June, though multiple U.S.-brokered ceasefires prompted partial withdrawals and Lebanese army deployments in July. As of mid-August, artillery fire, limited ground incursions, and exchanges continue near Nabatieh despite ongoing Rome talks, with trader sentiment reflecting Hezbollah's defensive posture, Israeli security goals in the north, and the pace of any diplomatic de-escalation that could restrict further advances.