Republicans hold narrow majorities in both chambers of the 119th Congress as the lame-duck session approaches the November midterms. Multiple expiring authorities converge on the December 11, 2026, deadline for the current continuing resolution, creating pressure for year-end action on appropriations, the FY2027 National Defense Authorization Act, surface transportation reauthorization, portions of the Farm Bill, healthcare program extenders, and the National Flood Insurance Program. Recent progress includes Senate passage of Russia and Iran sanctions legislation, advancement of permitting reform through bipartisan Senate negotiations on the Bipartisan American Affordability and Jobs Act, and committee work on a new Farm Bill. Lawmakers may bundle these into an omnibus package or pursue narrower extensions, with limited floor time and potential reconciliation options shaping which measures advance before the session ends.