US officials continue to link any CAATSA sanctions relief on Turkey’s Presidency of Defense Industries to resolution of the S-400 dispute, with the State Department on November 11 reaffirming that new export licenses remain blocked and urging disposal of the Russian systems. President Trump expressed support for lifting the measures during July NATO talks with President Erdogan, yet formal waiver authority under the 2017 statute requires certification and congressional review. Democratic gains in the November midterms have added legislative scrutiny to any executive action tied to F-35 deliveries or defense cooperation. Turkish statements in October reiterated expectations for relief tied to alliance interests, but the unchanged US position on NATO interoperability leaves the timeline for formal removal uncertain through year-end.